There are literally hundreds of different types of dog food in the market, and almost all of them boast that they are a healthy dog food full of fresh meats. But are they? Only the dog food ingredients label can tell you how what kind of meat is actually in there – if you know how to read them.

First, what really constitutes a healthy dog food? The fact is a healthy food differs for each pet. Dogs may be allergic to certain ingredients, have different levels of activity, medical conditions, and different stages in life. All of these factor into what type of dog food is healthiest for your dog.

Now you must figure out the quality of the ingredients used. The proteins are a very important part of a good, quality dog food. They are also a good source of confusion when looking at the ingredients list. Animal proteins can be stated in different ways. Meat, meal, and by-product are the three main categories.

Meat, Meal, or By-product? Meat is the clean flesh derived from an animal. Meal is an ingredient that has been dehydrated and ground. A by-product is what is left after all meat is removed (necks, feet, intestines, undeveloped eggs, etc).

Do You Want an Animal Meat or an Animal Meat Meal? So let’s further confuse things now. You have two bags in front of you. The first one has lamb as the first ingredient. The second has lamb meal. Which is a better dog food, protein-wise? The one with lamb meal.

By law, ingredients in food must be listed in order of weight. Since meat meal has had all moisture removed, it will be lighter than meat. If you start with two identical pieces of meat, and make meal of one, it will be lighter and therefor lower on the ingredients list. So this is a rather sneaky way of getting a meat in the top of the list, because once the meat is processed, it is made into a meal and put in the dog food it is made.

What Does a Generic ‘Meat’ Mean? All animal meats must be identified on the label. If the food is from a specific animal, such as salmon, it will be stated as ‘salmon’. If the food is from an animal class, like fish, then more than one type of that animal could be in the meat – like salmon, tuna, cod – and will labeled as ‘fish’. A generic ‘meat’ or ‘meat meal’ is the absolute worse – it means the actual animal meat cannot be even identified. You could have some cow, goat, fish, geese, etc.

A general rule of thumb for a healthy dog food is if the animal source can’t be identified, this is usually a good indicator to stay away from that dog food. ‘Meat’ is a definite clue for stay away! A class of meat, like poultry, although not as bad as just ‘meat’, still makes one question the source of the meat. A specific animal meat is best.